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References Archive.
Reference Sources for Micrographia Articles  
and Photomicrograph Captions. 


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This page lists book references for the following subjects:



Biological References.
 
 General Biology.
  • Five Kingdoms. Margulis L. and Schwartz K. 520pp. W. H. Freeman and Co. New York 1998.
    This is a truly excellent and unusual book. It is unusual in the breadth of its coverage -- it lists all of the known life-forms on Earth under the headings of the phyla of the Five Kingdoms system of classification, and excellent in its concise, information-dense text, its clear diagrams and well chosen micrographs of the creatures selected as most representative of each phylum.
    It is the most general, yet most basically informative of biological textbooks, and a quick leaf through its pages leaves the reader with the indelible and accurate impression that most of life on Earth is in the form of microscopic creatures.
 
 Microbiology.
  • Antony van Leeuwenhoek and his "Little Animals". Dobell C. 435pp. Dover Publications, Inc. New York, 1960.
  • An Introduction to Microbiology. Staples D. 192pp. Macmillan. London. 1973.
  • Essays in Microbiology. Norris J. and Richmond M. (eds.) c600pp. John Wiley and Sons. London. 1973.
  • Food Microbiology. Frazier W. 537pp. Tata McGraw-Hill. New Delhi. 1974.
  • A Colour Atlas of Microbiology. Olds R. 288pp. Wolfe Medical Books. London. 1975.
  • Microbiology in Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Skinner F. (ed.) 274pp. Academic Press. London. 1976.
  • Water Analysis. Mackereth F., Heron J. and Talling J. 120pp. Freshwater Biological Association (No. 36) 1978.
  • Aquatic Microbiology. Rheinheimer G. 257pp. John Wiley and Sons. London. 1985.
  • Ecology of Microbial Communities. Fletcher M., Gray T. and Jones J. (eds.) Cambridge University Press. London. 1987.
 
 Invertebrate Biology.
  • The Invertebrata. Borradaile L., Potts F., Eastham L. and Saunders J. 725pp. Cambridge University Press. 1941.
    This text deals with the invertebrates under the headings of the taxonomic system in use at the time, and is still a valuable source of information and diagrams for those wishing to identify structural features of organisms seen under the microscope.
  • Invertebrate Structure and Function. Barrington E. 549pp. Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd. London 1972.
    True to its title, this text deals with the invertebrates under the headings of movement, nutrition, respiration, reproduction, excretion, etc., and describes the structures and means by which various creatures perform these functions. A very useful approach which supplements books like Marshall and Williams (below).
  • Textbook of Zoology: Invertebrates. Marshall A. and Williams W. 874pp. The Macmillan Press Ltd. 1972.
    This text is a first port of call (after Margulis and Schwartz) for information on any unknown invertebrate. Profusely illustrated with clear diagrams (very few photographs), it also uses detailed descriptions of "type" organisms to introduce the reader to the group under discussion.
  • Animals Without Backbones. Vols. 1 and 2. Buchsbaum R. 401pp. Penguin Books, London. 1974.
 
 Fresh Water Biology.
  • Fresh-Water Biology. Ward H. and Whipple G. 1111pp. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 1918.
  • Fresh Water Invertebrates of the United States. Pennak R. 769pp. The Ronald Press Company, New York. 1953.
  • Freshwater Microscopy. Garnett W. 376pp. Constable, London. 1965.
  • The Structure and Function of Freshwater Microbial Communities. Cairns J. (ed.) 301pp. American Microscopical Society Symposium. 1970.
  • Animal Life in Fresh Water. Mellanby H. 308pp. Chapman and Hall Ltd, London. 1971.
  • Ponds and Lakes. Macan T. 148pp. George Allen and Unwin Ltd. London. 1973.
  • The Observer's Book of Pond Life. Clegg J. 207pp. Frederick Warne and Co. Ltd. London. 1974.
  • Pond and Stream Life. Clegg J. 108pp. Blandford Press. UK. 1979.
  • Microbial Numbers and Biomass in Fresh Water. Jones J. 112pp. Freshwater Biological Association (No. 39) 1979.
  • Freshwater Life of Britain and North-west Europe. Fitter R. and Manuel R. 382pp. Collins, London. 1986.
  • Biology of Freshwater Pollution. Mason C. 250pp. Longman Scientific and Technical. London. 1988.
 
 Algae.
  • A Beginner's Guide to Freshwater Algae. Belcher H. and Swale E. 48pp. HMSO London. 1976.
  • An Introduction to the Algae. Morris I. 189pp. Hutchinson and Co. London. 1977.
  • The Biology of the Algae. Round F. 278pp. Edward Arnold. London. 1965.
  • An Illustrated Guide to River Phytoplankton. Belcher H. and Swale E. 64pp. HMSO London. 1979.
  • Desmids of the English Lake District. Lind E. and Brook A. 123pp. Freshwater Biological Association (No. 42) 1980.
  • Culturing Algae: A Guide for Schools and Colleges. Belcher H. and Swale E. 25pp. HMSO London. 1982.
 
 Bacteria.
  • The Chemical Activities of Bacteria. Gale E. 199pp. University Tutorial Press, London. 1947.
  • Bacterial Metabolism. Stephenson M. 398pp. Longmans, Green and Co. London. 1950.
  • Applied Mycology and Bacteriology. Galloway L. and Burgess R. 184pp. Leonard Hill (Books) Limited. London. 1957.
  • Practical Bacteriology. Crowley N., Bradley J. and Darrell J. 238pp. Butterworths, London. 1969.
  • Bacteriology Illustrated. Gillies R. and Dodds T. 244pp. The Williams and Wilkins Company, Baltimore. 1973.
  • The Bacteriological Examination of Water Supplies. 52pp. Department of Health. HMSO. London. 1977.
 
 Bryozoa.
  • British Anascan Bryozoans. Ryland J. and Hayward P. 188pp. Academic Press, London. 1977.
  • British Ascophoran Bryozoans. Ryland J. and Hayward P. 312pp. Academic Press, London. 1979.
  • A Key to the British and European Freshwater Bryozoans. Mundy S. 32pp. Freshwater Biological Association. 1980.
 
 Crustaceans.
  • A Key to the British Species of Crustacea: Malacostraca occurring in Fresh Water. Hynes H., Macan T. and Williams W. 36pp. Freshwater Biological Association (No. 19) 1960.
  • A Key to the British Species of Freshwater Cladocera. Scourfield D. and Harding J. 55pp. Freshwater Biological Association (No. 5) 1966.
  • A Key to the British Freshwater Cyclopid and Calanoid Copepods. Harding J. and Smith W. 56pp. Freshwater Biological Association (No. 18) 1974.
 
 Protozoa.
  • The Ciliated Protozoa. Corliss J. 310pp. Pergamon Press, London. 1961.
  • Essays on Protozoology. Sandon H. 143pp. Hutchinson Educational. London. 1963.
  • Motile Protista. Biological Studies through the Microscope. Hainsworth M. 64pp. Macmillan, Melbourne. 1972.
  • The Ciliates. Jones A. 206pp. Hutchinson University Library, London. 1974.
  • The Biology of Protozoa. Sleigh M. 315pp. Edward Arnold, London. 1975.
  • An Illustrated Key to Freshwater and Soil Amoebae. Page F. 155pp. Freshwater Biological Association (No. 34) 1976.
  • The Culture and Use of Free-living Protozoa in Teaching. Page F. 54pp. Institute for Terrestrial Ecology. 1981.
  • British and Other Freshwater Ciliated Protozoa (Part 1). Curds C. 387pp. Cambridge University Press. 1982.
  • Protozoology. Kudo R. 1172pp. (5th. Edition). Books and Periodicals Corporation (India). New Delhi. 1986.
 
 Rotifers.
  • Rotifers. Donner J. 80pp. Frederick Warne and Co. Ltd. London. 1966.
  • A Key to British Freshwater Planktonic Rotifera. Pontin R. 178pp. Freshwater Biological Association (No. 38) 1978.
 
 Tardigrades.
  • British Tardigrades. Morgan C. and King P. 133pp. Academic Press, London. 1976.
 
 Worms.
  • The Physiology of Trematodes. Smyth J. 256pp. Oliver and Boyd, London. 1966.
  • A Guide to the Identification of British Aquatic Oligochaeta. Brinkhurst R. 55pp. Freshwater Biological Association (No. 22) 1971.
  • Biology of Earthworms. Edwards C. and Lofty J. 283pp. Chapman and Hall, London. 1972.
  • A Key to British Species of Freshwater Triclads. Reynoldson T. 32pp. Freshwater Biological Association. 1978.
 
 Plants.
  • Lowson's Botany. Simon E., Dormer K. and Hartshorne J. 685pp. University Tutorial Press Ltd. London. 1977.
  • Grasses. Hubbard C. 462pp. Penguin Books. London. 1978.
  • Botany: An Introduction to Plant Biology. Weier T., Stocking C., Barbour, M. and Rost T. 720pp. John Wiley and Sons. New York, 1982.
  • The Macdonald Encyclopedia of Plants and Flowers. Perry F. (ed.) Macdonald and Company, London. 1984.
 
 Fungi.
  • Fungi: An Introduction. Hawker L. 216pp. Hutchinson University Library. London. 1966.
  • The Cellular Slime Molds. Bonner J. 205pp. Princeton University Press. USA. 1967.
  • Identification of the Larger Fungi. Watling R. 281pp. Hulton Educational Publications, London. 1973.
  • Guide to Aquatic Hyphomycetes. Ingold C. 96pp. Freshwater Biological Association. 1975.
  • Insect-Fungus Symbiosis. Batra L. (ed.) 276pp. Allenheld, Osmun and Co./Wiley. 1979.
  • Introduction to Fungi. Webster J. 669pp. Cambridge University Press. London. 1989.
 
 Insects et al.
  • Outlines of Entomology. Imms A. 224pp. Methuen and Co Ltd, London. 1959.
  • Reproduction in the Insects. Davey K. 96pp. Oliver and Boyd, London. 1965.
  • The Compleat Flea. Lehane B. 126pp. John Murray, London. 1969.
  • The Soul of the White Ant. Marais E. 139pp. Jonathan Cape, London. 1971.
  • Biology of Aphids. Dixon A. 58pp. Edward Arnold, London. 1973.
  • Insects and their World. Olroyd H. 146pp. British Museum (Natural History) 1973.
  • Medical Zoology for Travelers. Grundy J. 127pp. Noble Books Ltd, London. 1979.
  • Arthropods of Medical Importance. Grundy J. 222pp. (Burgess N. Ed.) Noble Books Limited, London. 1981.
  • The Appreciation of Lice. Maunder J. 31pp. (paper) Royal Institution of Great Britain. 1983.
  • Collins Guide to the Insects of Britain and Western Europe. Chinery M. 320pp. Collins, London. 1986.
 
 Spiders.
  • Arachnida. Savory T. 291pp. Academic Press, London. 1964.
 
 Microscopes and Microscopy.
  • The Microscope. Hogg J. 764pp. George Routledge and Sons, London. 1883.
    One of the most popular books on the microscope ever since its first appearance in 1854. Many illustrations and colour plates (88KB). Still a good read.
  • The Microscope and its Revelations. Carpenter W. and Dallinger W. (ed.) 1099pp. (7th. edition) J. & A. Churchill, London. 1891.
    This is one of the great classics of the literature on the microscope. It contains (from the 7th. edition) one of the first accounts in the English language of Abbe's theory of image formation in the light microscope. Its detailed descriptions of the equipment and techniques of the time, and the insight it provides into the then state of microbiological knowledge, all expressed in the most elegant of late-Victorian prose, make it a rewarding read even a hundred and fifty years after its first publication.
  • The Microscope and its Lessons. Crowther J. 286pp. The Sunday School Union, London. c. 1890.
  • Evenings at the Microscope. Gosse P. 480pp. Appleton and Company, New York. 1896.
  • A Popular Handbook to the Microscope. Wright L. 256pp. R.T.S. London.
  • Modern Microscopy. Cross M. and Cole M. 325pp. Bailliere, Tyndall and Cox, London. 1912.
  • Microscopy in the Service of Man. Neill R. 256pp. Williams and Norgate Ltd. London. c. 1925.
  • The Use of the Microscope. Belling J. 315pp. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. New York. 1930.
  • The Microscope: Theory and Practice. Beck C. 264pp. R. & J. Beck Ltd. London. 1938.
  • Practical Microscopy. Martin L. and Johnson B. 116pp. Blackie and Son Limited. London. 1945.
  • The Microscope. Stephanides T. 160pp. Faber and Faber, London. 1951.
  • The Intelligent Use of the Microscope. Olliver C. 192pp. Chapman and Hall, London. 1951.
  • Industrial Microscopy in Practice. Burrells W. 572pp. Fountain Press, London. 1961.
  • Microscopy. Hartley W. 200pp. The English Universities Press Ltd. London. 1962.
  • Using the Microscope. Barron A. 257pp. Chapman and Hall. London. 1965.
  • Modern Microscopy. Cosslett V. 160pp. G. Bell and Sons Ltd, London. 1966.
  • Modern Microscopy. Culling C. 148pp. Butterworths, London. 1974.
  • The Optical Microscope in Biology. Bradbury S. 76pp. Edward Arnold, London. 1976.
 
 Microtechnique.
  • The Microtomist's Vade-Mecum. Bolles Lee A. 526pp. J. & A. Churchill, London. 1913.
  • Zoological Technique for Teachers and Senior Students. Green T. 118pp. Allman and Son Ltd. London. 1936.
  • Biological Laboratory Technique. Gatenby J. 130pp. J. & A. Churchill Ltd. London. 1937.
  • Handbook of Basic Microtechniqe. Gray P. 141pp. Constable and Company Ltd. London. 1952.
  • Principles of Biological Microtechnique. Baker J. 357pp. Methuen and Co. Ltd. London. 1958.
  • Encyclopedia of Microscopy and Microtechnique. Gray P. 638pp. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. New York. 1973.
  • Peacock's Elementary Microtechnique. Revised: Saville Bradbury. 278pp. Edward Arnold, London. 1973.
 
 Photomicrography.
  • Handbook of Photomicrography. Hind H. and Randles W. 292pp. George Routledge and Sons, Ltd. London. 1913.
  • Photomicrography. Shillaber C. 773pp. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York. 1944.
  • Amateur Photomicrography. Jackson A. 177pp. The Focal press, London. 1948.
  • Applied Microscopy and Photomicrography. Malies H. 143pp. The Focal Press, London. 1959.
  • Practical Photomicrography. Bergner J., Gelbke E. and Mehliss W. 228pp. The Focal Press, London. 1966.
 
 Optics, Mechanics.
  • Physical Optics. Wood R. 705pp. The Macmillan Company. New York. 1919.
  • Practical Optics. Johnson B. 189pp. The Hatton Press. London. 1945.
  • Fundamentals of Optics. Jenkins F. and White H. 647pp. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd. London. 1951.
  • Graphical Design of Optical Systems. 153pp. van Albada L. Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons. London. 1955.
  • Applied Optics and Optical Design. Conrady A. (Ed. Kingslake R.) Vol. 1, 518pp. Vol. 2, 841pp. Dover Publications. New York. 1960.
  • Master Optical Techniques. de Vany A. 600pp. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York. 1981.
  • Applied Photographic Optics. Ray S. 526pp. Focal Press. London. 1988.


  • Details of Typical Mechanisms. Linley C. 104pp. Scott, Greenwood and Son. London. 1923.
  • Laboratory Instruments: Their Design and Application. Elliott A. and Home Dickson J. 514pp. Chapman and Hall Ltd. London. 1959.